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Provide examples from either the case studies or other countries to illustrate these (both in terms of what can happen and/or may not happen). Raise different stakeholdersâ€™ perspectives on each issue:
Private sector: are private sector interests compatible with affordable universal access objectives? Refer to network externalities, advantages of an expanded network.
Media: what is the role of media? Reporting event? Provide critical analysis?
Civil society: what is the role of civil society? What are CSâ€™s interests? Should CS be the industry â€œwatch dogâ€�?
Use examples from Exercise 1 to illustrate issues. Points for discussion:
On universal access: the gender perspective, urban-rural perspectives, universal access to WHAT?, etc.
What does affordability mean in each national context?

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Content
Definitions
Objectives, options and implications
Thirteen key issues
Impact on national goals and policy
Learning outcomes
Be able to define privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to understand the objectives, options and implications of privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to identify 13 key issues shaping the telecom environment.
Be able to understand the impact of liberalization on national goals and policy
Definitions
Privatization
Liberalization.
Competition
Regulation
Universality
Global pricing regimes
Objectives
Universal Access, allowing as many people as possible to have access to telecommunications services
Services that are affordable to most people
A variety of options from which to choose
Reliable and efficient service
Issues and implications
Extent of liberalization
Extent of competition
Moving away from the public-ownership model:
Eliminate cross-subsidization and
Develop a rate rebalancing plan
Independent regulators?
Issues and implications
The computer revolution (data transmission)
The internet and the WWW (impact on the public network)
Fixed versus wireless solutions (monopoly, duopoly, open competition?)
Exercise 1
In groups (e.g., per country or region), identify what is the status of the telecommunications sector in your country and briefly describe current proposed or approved policies
Report back to plenary

Thirteeen Key Issues - 1
Government loss of revenue
Loss of jobs
Government relinquishes power
Regulatory capacity
Regulatory independence
Spectrum management

Thirteeen Key Issues - 2
Timing and extent of privatization
Opening of market to global forces
Ability to compete
Political governance structures
Universal access
Affordability
Technological neutrality

Impact on National Policy
How does access to ICT impact development?
Employment
Economic growth
Poverty reduction
Social services
Education
Health
How has ICT and telecommunications policy changed to address those impacts?

Exercise 2
In groups (one case study per group), discuss the case study assigned and the questions? Refer to new developments when appropriate
Report back in plenary

In Summary
Current trends are to privatize, liberalize markets and open to competition
There are various issues to consider and impact must be assessed
Focus on affordable and universal access to ICT (not just a limited number of services)
Identify links with other national policy in the context of development

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Content
Definitions
Objectives, options and implications
Thirteen key issues
Impact on national goals and policy
Learning outcomes
Be able to define privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to understand the objectives, options and implications of privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to identify 13 key issues shaping the telecom environment.
Be able to understand the impact of liberalization on national goals and policy.
Definitions
Privatization
Liberalization
Competition
Regulation
Universality
Global pricing regimes
Objectives
Universal access, allowing as many people as possible to have access to telecommunications services
Services that are affordable to most people
A variety of options from which to choose
Reliable and efficient service
Issues and implications
Extent of liberalization
Extent of competition
Moving away from the public-ownership model:
Eliminate cross-subsidization
Develop a rate rebalancing plan
Independent regulators
Issues and implications
The computer revolution (data transmission)
The Internet and the WWW (impact on the public network)
Fixed versus wireless solutions (monopoly, open competition)
Exercise 1
In groups (e.g. per country or region), describe the status of the telecommunications sector in your country. Discuss proposed or approved policies.
Report back to the other groups.

13 key issues - 1
Government loss of revenue
Loss of jobs
Government relinquishes power
Regulatory capacity
Regulatory independence
Spectrum management

13 key issues - 2
Timing and extent of privatization
Opening of market to global forces
Ability to compete
Political governance structures
Universal access
Affordability
Technological neutrality

Impact on national policy
How does access to ICT impact on development?
Employment
Economic growth
Poverty reduction
Social services
Education
Health
How has ICT and telecommunications policy changed to address this?

Exercise 2
In groups of 4-5 participants, examine the case study assigned to your group and discuss the questions at the end of it. Refer to new developments when appropriate.
Report back to the other groups.

In summary
Current trends are toward the privatization and liberalization of markets, opening them up to competition
Impact on national goals and policy needs to be assessed
Focus on affordable and universal access to ICT (not just a limited number of services)
Identify links with other national policies in the context of development

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Content
Definitions
Objectives, options and implications
13 key issues
Impact on national goals and policy
Learning outcomes
Be able to define privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to understand the objectives, options and implications of privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to identify 13 key issues shaping the telecom environment.
Be able to understand the impact of liberalization on national goals and policy.
Definitions
Privatization
Liberalization
Competition
Regulation
Universality
Global pricing regimes
Objectives
Universal access, allowing as many people as possible to have access to telecommunications services
Services that are affordable to most people
A variety of options from which to choose
Reliable and efficient service
Issues and implications
Extent of liberalization
Extent of competition
Moving away from the public-ownership model:
Eliminate cross-subsidization
Develop a rate rebalancing plan
Independent regulators
Issues and implications
The computer revolution (data transmission)
The Internet and the WWW (impact on the public network)
Fixed versus wireless solutions (monopoly, open competition)
Exercise 1
In groups (e.g. per country or region), describe the status of the telecommunications sector in your country. Discuss proposed or approved policies.
Report back to the other groups.

13 key issues - 1
Government loss of revenue
Loss of jobs
Government relinquishes power
Regulatory capacity
Regulatory independence
Spectrum management

13 key issues - 2
Timing and extent of privatization
Opening of market to global forces
Ability to compete
Political governance structures
Universal access
Affordability
Technological neutrality

Impact on national policy
How does access to ICT impact on development?
Employment
Economic growth
Poverty reduction
Social services
Education
Health
How has ICT and telecommunications policy changed to address this?

Exercise 2
In groups of 4-5 participants, examine the case study assigned to your group and discuss the questions at the end of it. Refer to new developments when appropriate.
Report back to the other groups.

In summary
Current trends are toward the privatization and liberalization of markets, opening them up to competition
Impact on national goals and policy needs to be assessed
Focus on affordable and universal access to ICT (not just a limited number of services)
Identify links with other national policies in the context of development

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Content
Definitions
Objectives, options and implications
13 key issues
Impact on national goals and policy
Learning outcomes
Be able to define privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Understand the objectives, options and implications of privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to identify 13 key issues shaping the telecom environment.
Be able to understand the impact of liberalization on national goals and policy.
Definitions
Privatization
Liberalization
Competition
Regulation
Universality
Global pricing regimes
Objectives
Universal access, allowing as many people as possible to have access to telecommunications services
Services that are affordable to most people
A variety of options from which to choose
Reliable and efficient service
Issues and implications
Extent of liberalization
Extent of competition
Moving away from the public-ownership model:
Eliminate cross-subsidization
Develop a rate rebalancing plan
Independent regulators
Issues and implications
The computer revolution (data transmission)
The Internet and the WWW (impact on the public network)
Fixed versus wireless solutions (monopoly, open competition)
Exercise 1
In groups (e.g. per country or region), describe the status of the telecommunications sector in your country. Discuss proposed or approved policies.
Report back to the other groups.

13 key issues - 1
Government loss of revenue
Loss of jobs
Government relinquishes power
Regulatory capacity
Regulatory independence
Spectrum management

13 key issues - 2
Timing and extent of privatization
Opening of market to global forces
Ability to compete
Political governance structures
Universal access
Affordability
Technological neutrality

Impact on national policy
How does access to ICT impact on development?
Employment
Economic growth
Poverty reduction
Social services
Education
Health
How has ICT and telecommunications policy changed to address this?

Exercise 2
In groups of 4-5 participants, examine the case study assigned to your group and discuss the questions at the end of it. Refer to new developments when appropriate.
Report back to the other groups.

In summary
Current trends are toward the privatization and liberalization of markets, opening them up to competition
Impact on national goals and policy needs to be assessed
Focus on affordable and universal access to ICT (not just a limited number of services)
Identify links with other national policies in the context of development

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications
Content
Definitions
Objectives, options and implications
13 key issues
Impact on national goals and policy
Learning outcomes
Be able to define privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Understand the objectives, options and implications of privatization, liberalization and competition in telecommunications.
Be able to identify 13 key issues shaping the telecom environment.
Understand the impact of liberalization on national goals and policy.
Definitions
Privatization
Liberalization
Competition
Regulation
Universality
Global pricing regimes
Objectives
Universal access, allowing as many people as possible to have access to telecommunications services
Services that are affordable to most people
A variety of options from which to choose
Reliable and efficient service
Issues and implications
Extent of liberalization
Extent of competition
Moving away from the public-ownership model:
Eliminate cross-subsidization
Develop a rate rebalancing plan
Independent regulators
Issues and implications
The computer revolution (data transmission)
The Internet and the WWW (impact on the public network)
Fixed versus wireless solutions (monopoly, open competition)
Exercise 1
In groups (e.g. per country or region), describe the status of the telecommunications sector in your country. Discuss proposed or approved policies.
Report back to the other groups.

13 key issues - 1
Government loss of revenue
Loss of jobs
Government relinquishes power
Regulatory capacity
Regulatory independence
Spectrum management

13 key issues - 2
Timing and extent of privatization
Opening of market to global forces
Ability to compete
Political governance structures
Universal access
Affordability
Technological neutrality

Impact on national policy
How does access to ICT impact on development?
Employment
Economic growth
Poverty reduction
Social services
Education
Health
How has ICT and telecommunications policy changed to address this?

Exercise 2
In groups of 4-5 participants, examine the case study assigned to your group and discuss the questions at the end of it. Refer to new developments when appropriate.
Report back to the other groups.

In summary
Current trends are toward the privatization and liberalization of markets, opening them up to competition
Impact on national goals and policy needs to be assessed
Focus on affordable and universal access to ICT (not just a limited number of services)
Identify links with other national policies in the context of development

Multimedia Training Kit
Privatization, Liberalization and Competition in Telecommunications

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